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Vermont · county maple atlas

Maple sugaring in Caledonia County, Vermont

Caledonia County had 104 maple operations and 330,819 taps in the 2022 Census. Around Saint Johnsbury, sap usually runs from March 5 to April 16. Here's the long-run pattern, 36 seasons of sap weather, and the outlook this week.
Too early to tapAbout 150 days until the usual start.
Sap starts
Mar 5
typical year
Season ends
Apr 16
about 6 weeks
Sap days / season
38.9
1991–2026 average
Taps, 2022
330,819
#9 of 12 in VT

Sap-flow outlook at Saint Johnsbury right now

Full Vermont forecast →

Forecast for Saint Johnsbury, VT

Updated Oct 6, 2:25 AM EDT

1 sap day in the next 6

freeze thaw 32°F

  1. WedOct 7
    30° / 63°

    4h below · 18h above

    Sap likely
  2. ThuOct 8
    44° / 65°

    0h below · 24h above

    Run tapering
  3. FriOct 9
    39° / 56°

    0h below · 24h above

    No refreeze forecast
  4. SatOct 10
    37° / 56°

    0h below · 24h above

    No refreeze forecast
  5. SunOct 11
    37° / 65°

    0h below · 24h above

    No refreeze forecast
  6. MonOct 12
    45° / 67°
    No refreeze forecast

Data: National Weather Service. Verdicts use freeze-thaw thresholds from maple field research; your woods may run a little differently.

When the sap runs

The sugaring calendar at Saint Johnsbury

Freeze-thaw weather at Saint Johnsbury peaks in the weeks of Mar 9 to Apr 13, which hold about 48% of a season's sap days. March is the busiest month.
Typical season: Mar 5 – Apr 160246Week of Dec 1: 1.3 sap days on averageWeek of Dec 8: 1.3 sap days on averageWeek of Dec 15: 1.1 sap days on averageWeek of Dec 22: 0.9 sap days on averageWeek of Dec 29: 0.8 sap days on averageWeek of Jan 5: 0.6 sap days on averageWeek of Jan 12: 0.7 sap days on averageWeek of Jan 19: 0.5 sap days on averageWeek of Jan 26: 0.5 sap days on averageWeek of Feb 2: 0.8 sap days on averageWeek of Feb 9: 0.9 sap days on averageWeek of Feb 16: 1.8 sap days on averageWeek of Feb 23: 1.6 sap days on averageWeek of Mar 2: 2.1 sap days on averageWeek of Mar 9: 2.8 sap days on averageWeek of Mar 16: 2.7 sap days on averageWeek of Mar 23: 3.6 sap days on averageWeek of Mar 30: 3.8 sap days on averageWeek of Apr 6: 3.0 sap days on averageWeek of Apr 13: 2.8 sap days on averageWeek of Apr 20: 2.1 sap days on averageWeek of Apr 27: 1.7 sap days on averageWeek of May 4: 0.8 sap days on averageWeek of May 11: 0.4 sap days on averageWeek of May 18: 0.2 sap days on averageWeek of May 25: 0.1 sap days on averageDecJanFebMarAprMaytaps in ~Mar 5
Average number of freeze-thaw sap days in each week of the season at Saint Johnsbury, 1991–2026. A sap day is an overnight low under 30.2 °F followed by an afternoon high over 37.4 °F. The shaded band is the typical season.

Year-to-year spread

Opening signal
Median Mar 16; the middle half of seasons fell between Mar 12 and Mar 19. Earliest Feb 19 (2012), latest Mar 28 (1992).
Closing signal
Median Apr 19; middle half between Apr 12 and Apr 22. Earliest Mar 14 (2012), latest May 1 (1992).
Sap days by month
Dec13%Jan7%Feb13%Mar33%Apr30%May5%

36 seasons of sap weather

Caledonia County seasons, 1991–2026

The best sap year at Saint Johnsbury was 1999 with 58 freeze-thaw days; the leanest was 2015 with 22. Seasons that start early tend to end early too: the trees run on the swing between freezing nights and mild days, and heat ends it.
JanFebMarAprMaysap days20262026: Mar 11 – Apr 12, 27 sap days2720252025: Mar 17 – Apr 21, 34 sap days3420242024: Mar 8 – Apr 10, 41 sap days4120232023: Mar 12 – Apr 10, 50 sap days5020222022: Mar 9 – Apr 6, 35 sap days3520212021: Mar 6 – Apr 5, 32 sap days3220202020: Mar 16 – Apr 20, 45 sap days4520192019: Mar 20 – Apr 18, 27 sap days2720182018: Mar 24 – Apr 24, 40 sap days4020172017: Mar 12 – Apr 15, 36 sap days3620162016: Mar 11 – Apr 15, 51 sap days5120152015: Mar 25 – Apr 16, 22 sap days2220142014: Mar 21 – Apr 25, 30 sap days3020132013: Mar 18 – Apr 22, 38 sap days3820122012: Feb 19 – Mar 14, 39 sap days3920112011: Mar 23 – Apr 22, 28 sap days2820102010: Feb 28 – Mar 29, 32 sap days3220092009: Mar 16 – Apr 20, 37 sap days3720082008: Mar 18 – Apr 18, 38 sap days3820072007: Mar 19 – Apr 22, 38 sap days3820062006: Mar 9 – Apr 12, 37 sap days3720052005: Mar 16 – Apr 19, 40 sap days4020042004: Mar 19 – Apr 22, 40 sap days4020032003: Mar 18 – Apr 19, 28 sap days2820022002: Mar 13 – Apr 11, 48 sap days4820012001: Mar 27 – Apr 30, 44 sap days4420002000: Mar 12 – Apr 16, 50 sap days5019991999: Mar 18 – Apr 22, 58 sap days5819981998: Mar 7 – Apr 11, 40 sap days4019971997: Mar 24 – Apr 27, 44 sap days4419961996: Mar 19 – Apr 20, 37 sap days3719951995: Mar 16 – Apr 18, 47 sap days4719941994: Mar 23 – Apr 24, 46 sap days4619931993: Mar 16 – Apr 19, 32 sap days3219921992: Mar 28 – May 1, 40 sap days4019911991: Mar 12 – Apr 14, 48 sap days48
Each bar runs from the season's opening signal to its closing signal, estimated from daily temperatures at Saint Johnsbury. Dashed lines mark the typical dates. The right column counts freeze-thaw sap days from December through May.

Maple production

Caledonia County in the Census of Agriculture

USDA counts maple operations every five years. In Caledonia County the 2022 Census found 104 farms making syrup (-12% since 2017), with taps +41% and syrup output +59% over the same five years. That works out to about 0.33 gallons of syrup per tap in 2022 (0.30 in 2017). Among the 385 counties in this atlas, Caledonia County ranks 11 by taps.

Caledonia County maple production, 2017 and 2022 (USDA Census of Agriculture)
Census yearFarmsTapsGallons of syrupGal / tap
2022104330,819110,2640.33
2017118234,37069,4880.30

Nearby

Neighboring maple counties

Distances are between reference towns; typical dates are each county's own estimate.

About these numbers

The season dates are estimated from 36 seasons of daily high and low temperatures for the PRISM 4-km grid cell at Saint Johnsbury (827ft), scored with the same freeze-thaw rule as our live forecast: a sap day is an overnight low under 30.2 °F followed by an afternoon high over 37.4 °F. Each season's closing signal is the last sap day before accumulated warmth reaches a threshold, and the opening signal sits five weeks before that, never earlier than the first real freeze-thaw week. Tested against 117 state-seasons of USDA-reported dates, the rule lands within 5.5 days of the reported close and 6.6 days of the reported opening on average, and the typical dates shown here are scaled to Vermont's USDA record (12 years). Production figures are copied from the Census as published. Full method, calibration tables and the downloadable dataset →

Sources · 6

  1. 1.2022 Census of Agriculture, County Level Data — Vermont, Table 37: Maple Syrup, 2022 and 2017 · USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service
  2. 2.PRISM daily temperature grids (AN81d, 4 km), accessed 2026-10-05 · PRISM Group, Oregon State University, https://prism.oregonstate.edu
  3. 3.Applied Climate Information System (ACIS) web services · NOAA Regional Climate Centers
  4. 4.USDA NASS maple syrup reports — approximate average season opened and closed dates, 2011–2022 · USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service (mirrored by the University of Vermont)
  5. 5.Sap flow in sugar maple: timing and weather drivers (Frontiers in Agronomy, 2025) · de Lima Santos et al.
  6. 6.GeoNames gazetteer (cities500), CC BY 4.0 · GeoNames

FAQ

Caledonia County sugaring questions

When should I tap maple trees in Caledonia County, Vermont?
In a typical year the sap starts running around March 5 near Saint Johnsbury and the season winds down around April 16. Have your taps in a day or two before the first forecast string of freezing nights and 40 °F days. In the past 36 seasons the weather signal came as early as Feb 19 and as late as Mar 28.
How much maple syrup does Caledonia County produce?
The 2022 Census of Agriculture counted 104 maple operations in Caledonia County with 330,819 taps producing 110,264 gallons of syrup, ranking 9 of 12 Vermont's counties with published tap counts.
How many sap days does Caledonia County get in a season?
On average 38.9 freeze-thaw sap days from December through May at Saint Johnsbury, of which about 10.5 are textbook days with a night in the 20s and a day in the 40s. The best season since 1991 was 1999 (58 sap days); the leanest was 2015 (22).
Where do these dates come from?
From 36 seasons of daily high and low temperatures at Saint Johnsbury (PRISM 4-km grid), scored with the same freeze-thaw rule as our live forecast, then calibrated against USDA's reported season dates for Vermont. They describe a typical year at one point in the county; your sugarbush, slope and elevation can shift them by days.

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